A herd of water buffalo has been released on Exmoor, southwest England, as part of a pioneering rewilding project aimed at restoring wetlands and enhancing biodiversity. Managed by the National Trust and Exmoor National Park Authority, the initiative brings in six Asian water buffalo to naturally manage vegetation, create ponds, and reopen water channels. Their heavy movements churn up soil and water, helping rare plants, amphibians, and insects thrive in areas once overtaken by dense grass and scrub. Conservationists hope the buffalo will replicate the ecological role once played by ancient megafauna, creating habitats that support species such as snipe, dragonflies, and marsh marigolds.
The project follows similar successes across Europe, where large grazers like bison and wild horses have revitalized ecosystems. Scientists note that wetlands are among the most threatened habitats in the UK, with over 90% lost in the past 100 years due to drainage and agriculture. By restoring these areas, the Exmoor initiative aims to boost carbon storage, improve water quality, and increase flood resilience. If successful, the trial could lead to larger herds being introduced across other parts of Britain, marking a bold step in the country’s rewilding and climate adaptation strategy. More